Advocating Abolition Timeline Transatlantic Slave Trade

A Timeline of the Transatlantic Slave Trade and its Abolition 16th Century 1562 1564-65 1567 1607 1618 1619 1623 1625 1626 1649 1655 1655 1656 1657 1660s 1672 1675 1668 1683 1685-86 1690 1692 1698 1699 1702-13 1727 Sir John Hawkins, backed by Gonson and other London merchants, leaves Plymouth with three ships, making him the first English slave trader. He takes 300 Africans and trades them with the Spanish and Portuguese for sugar, hides, spices and pearls Backed by Queen Elizabeth I, Hawkins makes his second slavery voyage trading 500 Africans for precious metals, pearls and jewels Hawkins makes his third and final slavery voyage, again with the Queen’s investment, involving six ships, including one captained by his cousin Sir Francis†¦show more content†¦Chief Justice Lord Mansfield rules that enslaved people in England cannot be forced to return to the West Indies. This ruling does not entitle slaves in England their freedom John Stedman joins a military expedition to suppress a slave rebellion in Surinam, South America and is appalled by the inhumanity shown to Africans. In 1796 he publishes ‘The Narrative of a Five Years Expedition against the Revolted Negroes of Surinam’, a full account of his experiences that becomes a classic of abolitionist literature John Wesley, an early leader of the Methodist movement, publishes anti-slavery tract Thoughts Upon Slavery 1775 1775-83 1778 1781 1783 1786 1787 1788 1788 Royal Commission is set up to take evidence on the slave trade American War of Independence. France seizes Grenada, Tobago and St Kitts from Britain but retains only Tobago after the Peace of Versailles The Knight vs Wedderburn legal case in Edinburgh rules that enslavement is incompatible with Scots law The Zong case causes outrage and strengthens the abolition campaign: 470 Africans are forced onto the slave ship Zong. The cramped conditions are so appalling that seven crew members and sixty Africans died from sickness; the remaining 133 sick

Essay on Behavior of Males versus Females in a Gym

Behavior of Males versus Females in a Gym While systematically observing a social situation for approximatly one week, I have observed some common patterns of interaction and have rendered some possible explanations for these patterns of behavior. While there were some irregular observations, most of the behavior was consistent with that of my hypotheses. My research question involves the behavior of males versus females in the setting of a workout room or gym. I hyptohesized that males are more likely to interact with each other than females are, and males are more likely to use weights than females, while females are more likely to utilize aerobic activity machines more than males. All of these†¦show more content†¦I chose to observe both of these locations because of the varitey of people who could be observed and the type of people who used both of these facilities. In the Bream Wright Hauser weight room, there are three step machines, and a bike located along the left wall, and the whold right side of the room includes weight machines to work various parts of the body. In the middle of the room and to the back are the free weights and weight benches. This room includes mostly weights and very few aerobic machines. In the______________ weight room, however, there are very few weight and an abundance of aerobic machines. One small corner contains weights and the rest of the room includes several step machines, bikes, and other aerobic machines. One observation which I noticed was that while the Bream Wright Hauser room included predominatly males with a few females, including myself, the ____________room comtained all women and no men. I think this is owed to the contents of the room. Even in Bream Wright Hauser, the small number of women tended to use the aerobic machines. This leads me to one observation that the women are much more likely to use the aerobic machines than men. Also, because there was not a single man in the ___________room, I also concluded that men tend to utilize the weights much more frequentlyShow MoreRelatedSelf-Efficacy And Empowerment. Introduction. Can Rephrasing1611 Words   |  7 Pagesthe first one to examine the linguistic approach of ‘self-talk’ or talking to oneself, using our internal forces, to assist us in reaching that goal (Patrick, V., Hagtvedt, H., 2012). It proposes, beginning our rejection statement with â€Å"I don’t† versus â€Å"I can’t† will empower us to resist those negative impulses; thereby, reducing the time it takes to reach our goal. This is where self-efficacy comes into play. 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My goal is to look at these studies to determine whether males and females are socially rebuked for being â€Å"sissies† and â€Å"tomboys† on equal levels, or if their gender makes a difference in how severe the consequences are for not being in the norm. The purpose of the first study was to do two things. To demonstrate aRead MoreA Setting Of A Jungle Gym1466 Words   |  6 Pagesscenarios, the subjects are pitted against one another in a competition which will clearly demonstrate this phenomenon, recognized as the minimal group paradigm. This paper will evaluate 100 seven-year-old children in a naturalistic setting of a jungle gym. We will examine if the minimal group paradigm is still as effected after these children have a positive, noncompetitive experience with the out-group. Introduction Children assume that members of the in-group are more likely to performRead MoreSpecial Services Department At The Grove Intermediate School Building1511 Words   |  7 Pageschildren to have time to â€Å"cool down† and a bathroom attached to the classroom. While I spent most my time in the classroom, I also observed in the hallway (as sometimes reading sessions or other sessions would be out there), in the cafeteria, in the gym, and in the playground. Peer Acceptance Peer acceptance refers to likability – the extent to which a child is viewed by a group of age-mates, such as classmates, as a worthy social partner (Berk 490). 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The minimal group effect should, therefore, be considered a powerful learning bias for underlying the rapid internalization of social biases in the real world. This will create discriminatory behavior response to the perception of social differences based on the individual’s social preference. Social identity is based on a person’s senseRead MoreBullying Is Not New, And It?1638 Words   |  7 Pagesexclusively by teenage girls. Recent trends and statistics have show an increase in bullying and violence among teenage girls. Violence by teenage girls has grown over the past few years. The trends show females surpassing their male counterparts in increases of arrests from the year 1980 to 2005. The behavior of the violence among girls may have a serious impact on the rise of bullying in recent years. For violence against peers, a study found that â€Å"the most common reasons youth were violent toward peersRead MoreGender, Masculinity, And Masculinity2484 Words   |  10 PagesThis paper is devoted to the research of masculinity, in particular, to the way men lead conversations, putting major focus on gossiping. For a long time they suggested that gossiping refers exceptionally to females, but the research proves that men gossips much more frequently than women, taking a great pleasure from this process. Masculine Gossips Introduction Conversations have always played a role of indicator of masculinity and femininity, especially when they talk about gossiping. Indeed,Read MoreFitness Club : Healthy Lifestyle1806 Words   |  8 Pagesterm to describe the way individuals, family circles, and societies live and which behavior they manifest in coping with their physical, psychological, social, and economic environments on a day-to-day basis† (Trovato, 2011). 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Patient Right to Refuse Treatment Essay Sample free essay sample

The jurisprudence recognizes the right of the patient to decline medical intervention. This right includes the refusal of life-saving intervention. which could take to decease. The look of a patient’s refusal could be made either before the disposal of the intervention or at a anterior and advanced clip. good in front of future incompetency ( Michalowski. 2005 ) . The acknowledgment by the jurisprudence of the patient’s right is so strong and resolute. such that the neglect of the patient’s wishes through the disposal of medical intervention despite his refusal would amount to battery ( Michalowski. 2005 ) . The above explained acknowledgment by the jurisprudence on the patient’s right to decline medical intervention reflects the policy of the jurisprudence to acknowledge the liberty of patients. which stands on a higher terms than the involvement of the province to protect the life and wellness of its citizens. However. this does non intend that the province wantonnesss its responsibility to protect its citizens’ lives. Patient liberty would merely be respected if it shows competency to make up ones mind on the portion of the patients. The ground behind this policy is that â€Å"the rule of the holiness of human life must give to the rule of self-government ( Michalowski. 2005 ) . † One issue sing consent or refusal of medical intervention is the rationality of the determination to continue single liberty over the value of holiness of human life. Furthermore. there is the inquiry of the necessary guidelines or marks before it could be decided that that a individual exercised all necessary and rational stairss before he arrived at a determination that could protract or restrict his life. A patient is a individual who has the right to make up ones mind everything that has to make with his ain life. However. together with this right comes the duty to move responsibly. Before a patient’s refusal of medical intervention. it must be ensured that he is competent to do such an of import determination. It must be ensured that he is apprised of all the facts necessary for him to do an intelligent determination. Therefore. the patient must be told about the â€Å"nature and intent of the process. † When doing the determination. the patient must non be influenced by external factors. Finally. it must be made clear that the determination would use to future fortunes ( Michalowski. 2005 ) . An advanced refusal against medical intervention is particularly debatable in state of affairss where the medical intervention is made necessary at a clip that the patient is no longer competent to do determination. In such state of affairss. the doctor can no longer measure the competency of the patient at the clip that the advanced directive was made. Therefore. it is hard to find the cogency and pertinence of such advanced directive. The ambiguity extends to the significance attached by the patient to the advanced directive at the clip that he executed it. There is no agency of determining the specific extent of the advanced directive ( Michalowski. 2005 ) . The finding of the cogency and pertinence of advanced directives is really critical because of the far-reaching effects that would ensue if the issue is decided in either way ( Murphy. 2005 ) . On the one manus. if the physician errs in favour of continuing life. he runs the hazard of being accused and prosecuted for battery. since the disposal of unwanted medical intervention would represent a misdemeanor of a patient’s liberty and unity as a individual. Furthermore. such determination might reprobate the patient to an undignified or intolerable life that he does non desire in the first topographic point ( Michalowski. 2005 ) . It is a policy to guarantee that the medical attention received by the patients be consistent with their penchants. if the rule of patient liberty would be given full consequence and significance. Despite the accent on single liberty in decision-making sing medical interventions. there are some who are concerned about the grounds behind any determination of a patient on this issue ( Winzelberg. Hanson A ; Tulsky. 2005 ) . Therefore. it is recognized that the determination of a patient to decline present or future medical intervention might be influenced by assorted factors such as his cultural and racial backgrounds. age. fiscal capableness. and cognitive abilities. These factors could cut down the competency of a patient in make up ones minding on the affair of whether medical intervention should be continued or non ( Winzelberg. Hanson A ; Tulsky. 2005 ) . Therefore. there is a demand to better the system of decision-making for patients to guarantee that there is no duress or other external factors act uponing his determination. thereby guaranting that single liberty is respected. One suggestion is to follow schemes in decision-making to guarantee patient liberty. Another suggestion is to better the communicating system between the patient and the physician in this phase of intervention so that the household would acquire aid in acquiring sufficient information about the unwellness of the patient. Such information is necessary before the patient could get at an intelligent determination sing his life ( Winzelberg. Hanson A ; Tulsky. 2005 ) . One issue about patient’s right to decline intervention involves the power and the right of kid patients to either consent or garbage intervention. In the same manner that the competency of incompetent grownups to make up ones mind at the clip that they executed their advanced directives could non be easy determined. the consent to intervention of kids below 16 old ages is non easy discoverable ( Parekh. 2006 ) . Similarly with grownups. there is a demand to find whether the consent or refusal of a kid towards medical intervention was given by a competent individual who could intelligently do a determination. However. in the present province of the jurisprudence. kids are non wholly considered to the full independent. such that they are merely allowed to give their consent to intervention but non to decline it ( Parekh. 2006 ) . In the instance of kids. there is no given of competency. Children are non believed to hold the necessary modules to understand all the deductions of their determinations. Therefore. the best involvement of the kid is frequently used to warrant their deficiency of engagement in the decision-making procedure when make up ones minding end-of-life determinations ( Parekh. 2006 ) . While it is true that there is cause for concern with respect to kids and their decision-making capacity. certain actions could be done to guarantee that kids are to the full informed of the state of affairs and the effects of their options. For illustration. kids could be informed of the medical. ethical and societal positions relevant to the state of affairs at manus. Thereafter. their liberty should be respected and their will should non be replaced by that of their parents or defenders. Bing the proprietors of their ain lives and organic structures. kids are no less human existences whose liberty should be respected in the same manner as grownups ( Parekh. 2006 ) . Therefore. while parental consent may be of import in any determination arrived at by minor kids. parents’ sentiment should merely be directory and non compulsory. Children. peculiarly those with terminal unwellnesss. should be accorded the right to make up ones mind whether they should force through with the hard and painful intervention procedure or succumb to their unwellness without fall backing to life-saving medical interventions ( Derish A ; Heuvel. 2000 ) . Mentions Prince alberts. W. M. ( 2007 ) . Follow up and surveillance of the patient with lung malignant neoplastic disease: What make you make after surgery?Respirology 12. 16-21 Derish. M. T. A ; Heuvel. K. V. ( 2000 ) . Mature Minor leagues Should Have the right to Refuse Life-Sustaining Medical Treatment.Journal of Law. Medicine A ; Ethical motives 28. 109- 124. Michalowski. S. ( 2005 ) . Advance Refusals of Life-Sustaining Medical Treatment: The Relativity of an Absolute Right.The Modern Law Review Limited 68( 6 ) . 958-982. Murphy. P. ( 2005 ) . Are Patients’ Decisions to Refuse Treatment Binding on Health Care Professionals?Bioethicss 19( 3 ) . 189-201. Parekh. S. A. ( 2006 ) . Child consent and the jurisprudence: an penetration and treatment into the jurisprudence associating to consent and competency. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. .Child: attention. wellness and development 33( 1 ) . 78-82. Stuhmiller. D. F. E. . Cudnik. M. T. . Sundhelm. S. M. . Threlkeld. M. S. A ; Collins. Jr. . T. E. ( 2005 ) . Adequacy of Online Medical Command Communication and Emergency Medical Services Documentation of Informed Refusals.Acad Emerg Med 12( 10 ) . 970-977. Winzelberg. G. S. . Hanson. L. C. A ; Tulsky. J. A. ( 2005 ) . Beyond Autonomy: Diversifying End-of-Life Decision-Making Approaches to Serve Patients and Families.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 53. 1046-1050.

Fcc E911 Essays - Geolocation, Federal Communications Commission

Fcc E911 The FCC E911 Regulation is Essential for Consumers and Telecommunications Industry In June of 1996, the FCC proposed a mandate for E-911 services. The wireless E911 order provides value-added service for all cellular phone users and consumers. This regulation has designed to implement 911 requirements for cellular, PCS and SMR carriers. The FCC has established telecommunication regulations to provide 911 access to consumers. The requirements have been planned in a three-stage deployment process. However, it was later revamped into a two-phase process. This regulation (CC Docket No. 94-102) has many different parts, which are currently under reconsideration by the FCC. Basically, the regulation requires that MLTS (Multi-Line Telephone System) providers to provide emergency service by single line residential, business telephone service and wireless services whether telephone services are in service or not. As my employer is a wireless telephone provider, I will be focusing on the wireless regulations associated with CC Docket No. 94-102. The FCC requires all cellular service providers to accept 911 calls from any wireless phone. Even those phones that have no service contract or number assigned. With wireless calls, a user s hould be able to dial 911 and reach a 911 operator whether the cellular telephone is under contract and in service or not. These calls for emergency assistance are free of charge. As a call is made for any 911 emergency, the cellular provider's system will route the call to the nearest 911 operator. Thus acting as a locating service for the user and the emergency operations. This mandated will take effect on October of 2001. The new FCC regulation provides both challenges and barriers to telecommunication providers. There are three major issues each provider must overcome. The first is how to determine the past way to provide the mandated service to consumers. Each carrier must deploy the technology to provider the caller's location. Secondly, which mode is best to accomplish the task at hand via network or cellular phones? Currently, carrier can provide emergency personnel the name, address and other necessary information about a caller, if that caller is a current subscriber to their network. However, there are limitations to callers who are not current cellular subscriber. Thirdly, this service must be provided whether the cellular service is active or not. Not only must the provider supply 911 access, as Phase II of the regulation; they must also provide location services. This service will enable emergency providers to locate the person calling 911 for assistance. Without this service, emergency personnel may not find a confused or injured consumer in a timely manner. Carriers are not in the process of defining and implementing technologies to their networks to provide these new location-based services. My current employer has deployed their location-based service. The billing and location technology has caused a great amount of delay in the deployment of the technology. From information obtained from the International Data Corporation (IDC), their report indicates that instead of waiting for Phase II, carriers should begin offering the services based on general location as soon as they have the technology deployed1. Phase II requires service providers to forward the location coordinates of a caller along with a number identification. The location of the caller is to be within 125 feet of the caller's actual location. Below is an example of the process a call goes through in order to comply with the regulation. 1 1 5 Location 3 & Number 2 6 The above diagramed process requires 7 steps. 1. Call is recognized by the mobile center. 2. Center contacts a service control provider. 3. Service Provider gives the center routing information so the call is sent to the nears PSAP (Public Safety Answering Point) 4. Caller's information is sent back to the base station. 5. Call is routed to nearest PSAP. 6. Location information is sent from Service Control Provider to PSAP Database. 7. Call is then routed to a 911Operator. This process requires each cellular/wireless provider to enact the same processes whether through their current network system or via cellular handsets. Which brings us to the second issue with this regulation. As Phase II quickly approaches, each provider must come up with and implement their plan of action to comply with the service diagramed previously. Each provider must decide if this task

10 Vital Reasons a Study in Psychology Can Come in Handy in Everyday Life

10 Vital Reasons a Study in Psychology Can Come in Handy in Everyday Life 10 Vital Reasons a Study in Psychology Can Come in Handy in Everyday Life Do you think that the study in psychology is all about boring research and textbooks? You couldn’t be more wrong. Psychology is the study of human behavior. It’s the foundation of our relationships, our motivations, our conflicts, and our obstacles. On a basic level, psychology is really everything, and we use it every day without even knowing it. Here are all the ways that studying psychology can help you. Motivation. Studying psychology helps you understand the reasons why you want something, whether it’s good grades, a new job, or to go to a certain school. When you know the reason you want something, you will set clear goals and work much harder. Decision making. Whether it’s choosing a career or deciding what to eat for breakfast, psychology gives you the tools to analyze a decision from multiple perspectives to make the right choice. You will learn about the â€Å"six hats† of effective decision-making: the rational, the emotional, the intuitive, the creative, the positive, and the negative. Finances. Often our emotions lead us to make poor choices where money is concerned. You may put off saving for things like graduate school or even retirement. Or you may buy something you don’t really want that much because all your friends are buying it. Psychology makes you more aware of these emotions so that you will save more and spend less. Health. Learning about psychology gives you insights that empower you to have a healthier lifestyle. For example, if you tend to eat too much, psychology will help you understand the reasons for the overeating so you can address them. Understanding and empathy for others. Psychology builds your emotional intelligence. That means you understand your own emotions and those of others, an ability that some believe more predictive of success than traditional intelligence. Relationships. Psychology can help you avoid suffering from one failed relationship after another. It’s much easier to live with another person if you understand their behavior. It also helps you tell whether or not a potential friend or partner is compatible, eliminating heartbreak later. Communication. The ability to communicate involves not just speaking, but listening. It also means reading non-verbal cues. Understanding nonverbal communication helps you get your own message across more clearly because it keeps you and the other party on â€Å"the same page.† Leadership. You may not be the CEO of a company, but leadership is still a skill that you’re going to need in life. Studying psychology teaches you the skills to empower others to be their best selves, whether it’s a youth sports team you’re coaching or a subgroup at the office that you’re chairing. Persuasion. Why is it that some advertisements are so effective? Because their creators understand psychology. It’s a valuable tool to persuade others to your point-of-view. And who doesn’t want that? Self-confidence. Psychology helps you to know yourself better and to work on your weaknesses. You can be confident in the knowledge that you have strengths and that you are always improving. And other people will notice that confidence and respond positively to it. As you can see, psychology doesn’t just live at the pages of lab reports and research studies! It’s in the world all around you. So dive right in and learn how it affects you. We promise you’ll be glad you did.

A Stake in Advocating for Proper Working Condition for Women Research Paper

A Stake in Advocating for Proper Working Condition for Women - Research Paper Example It is unethical for factories to mistreat workers at the expense of amassing huge profit returns. The government should put in place watertight solutions to solve this problem. To start with, it should set independent monitoring agencies to ensure the working conditions are in accordance with laws that protect workers. This agency should make sure factories provide clean working and accommodation environment. Sleeping places for workers such as dormitories are not only unhealthy but also outdated. This monitoring agency should advocate for a dismantling of squatter huts near the factory premises, which Barbara portrays in her article. This is because factory employees are not squatters. They are people who deserve respect because of their enormous contribution to the growth of these huge factories. The workers should not crowd and squeeze in these small huts and dormitories. This is because it is easier for the workers to perish in case of an outbreak of deadly diseases or infernos. In case fire breaks in these small huts and dormitories, it can cause many deaths. This is because there the exits have huge heaps of sweaters and other garments. Therefore, the monitoring agency should advise the government to compel factory owners to provide decent housing and living for their workers. Barbara reports that workers in Korean textile industries live in poor lit rooms. On top of this, generated noises characterize the working environment. This is to cut down communication among the factory workers (Ehrenreich 1). This action is not only barbaric but also inhuman. It fosters lack of respect on the part of factory owners to their employees.

Logistic and supply chain management. Need to aswer question 1 and 3 Case Study

Logistic and supply chain management. Need to aswer question 1 and 3 in - Case Study Example This information will be used to compute the annual cost for each customer type. Table 1 indicates that each of MoonChem’s 12 small customers uses chemical amounting to 12,000kg per annum. This means that they receive only one (1) shipment per annum. This stock will last them for three years and three months. It therefore means that a shipment is made once every three years. However, there are consignment costs and holding costs to be considered. Table 2 provides information on these costs. Table 2 indicates that the annual cost to MoonChem of sending full truck-loads to small customers is $604,800. $4,800 of this total relates to transportation, $120,000 to holding costs (calculated as 25% of consignment cost), and the largest portion of $480,000 relating to consignment costs. Table 1 indicates that there are six (6) medium sized customers, each of whom consumes 5,000kg of chemicals per month. The total usage for each of these customers is 30,000kg per annum. This indicates that only one shipment is required for each medium customer per annum. Table 3 provides a breakdown of the annual cost of sending full truck-loads to these customers. Table 3 indicates that two (2) truck-loads of inventory would be required for medium customers per annum. The transportation cost of sending these two (2) truck-loads of chemicals to medium-sized customers is $14,400 per annum, consignment cost $480,000 and holding cost $120,000 per annum. The table also indicates that the total cost of sending full truck-loads of chemicals to medium customers is $614,400. Information in the Table 1 indicates that there are two large customers, each of whom consumes 12,000kg of chemicals per month which suggests an annual consumption for each member of this customer group of 144,000kg of chemical per annum. It therefore means that a total of 288,000kg of chemicals is being consumed by this particular group of customers. Table 4 indicates that the total annual cost of sending full